Units / ECM2361
ECM2361 · Environmental issues in economics
2026 Handbook6 credit pointsLevel 2Department of Economics
Last checked: 23 Aug 2026 UTCOverview
This unit applies microeconomic theory to environmental problems, including air pollution and the over-exploitation of open access resources. It also discusses environmental valuation tools and policy options such as command and control and market-based approaches to address these problems. It also includes a discussion of the inverse relationship between the environment and economic activities through a number of selected topics such as international trade and the environment, and natural disasters.
Offerings
| Campus | Teaching period | Mode |
|---|---|---|
| Malaysia | Winter semester | Teaching activities are on-campus (ON-CAMPUS) |
Assessment
The Handbook lists an examination for this unit.
| # | Assessment | Type | Weight | Hurdle |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 - Exercise | Exercise | 30% | — |
| 2 | 2 - Project | Project | 40% | — |
| 3 | 3 - Examination | Examination | 30% | — |
Assessment details may change. Please refer to the assessment information in Moodle closer to the start of the teaching period.
Requisites
Learning outcomes
- apply microeconomic theory, including the demand-supply model and externalities, to analyse the causes of environmental issues and market failures
- evaluate policy instruments, such as command-and-control and market-based approaches, using economic principles and environmental valuation tools
- conduct research and apply an evidence-based approach to analyse and assess environmental policies in business, policy, and entrepreneurial contexts
- investigate and critically assess the role of key sectors—such as electricity, land use, and transportation—in shaping global environmental and economic outcomes, including carbon emissions, climate change, and natural disasters.
Workload
Minimum total expected workload to achieve the learning outcomes for this unit is 144 hours per semester typically comprising a mixture of scheduled learning activities and independent study. Independent study may include associated readings, assessment and preparation for scheduled activities. You are expected to complete all pre-class activities prior to your scheduled class, and post-class activities should be completed after your scheduled class. Learning activities may include a combination of teacher directed, peer directed and online engagement activities.
| Activity | Duration |
|---|---|
| Tutorials | 24 hours |
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